not that anyone cares but for anyone who wonders how durability works or how one object the same as the one next to it can be stronger or weaker, heres a simple explaination:
molecules in objects function like sticks and balls of clay. take the sticks and stab randomly into the balls of clay then throw them into a clear glass bucket [or jar]. fill the jar with water, being sure to only fill it about 3/4 or so full and leave the lid off [freeze for the best effect, and frikin clean it people]. if you want a simple example use toothpicks, gumdrops, a glass pasta jar with the label torn off, and clear filtered water. this makes a good science project.
if you want to try this little experiment at home or just to impress your science or physics teacher youll need the following ingredients:
four glass pasta jars [with the labels removed and one jar with no lid]
a large assortment of toothpicks
gumdrops [jujubs]
water
a ruler
a large stone or a lump of clay or playdough about the width of the pasta jars [use the ruler to measure the opening at the top from one edge to the other. thats the diameter.]
a freezer
a screw driver or small metal hammer
a large plastic bucket or a large pan, or a large wide tall bowl [an oven sheet that you use to cook pizza on works. youre using it to hold water, glass, toothpicks, clay/pladough, and gumdrops. use the ruler again, it should be at least 2-3 times the width of the bottom of the pasta jar and at least 1/2 the height.]
a pencil.
the clear container represents your object [a car, carbon, iron, glass, a door, a house, or just a really simple example: a blade]. left alone and untouched the sticks and clay balls will slowly settle in the bucket of water till they stop moving [newtons law bitches!] as long as you dont jostle the container, touch it, add more sticks and balls or more water, or move the bucket, the innards of the said bucket remain the same.
this is essentially how the production of materials and goods like car parts and building equipment works. the finished product is a collection of tiny molecular chains that resemble little sticks and balls. these "sticks and balls" have what are giant pockets of "space" between them, and neither the "space" or the "sticks and balls" will ever move unless the materials are altered.
when these "objects" are altered [moved, touched, stressed, swung, struck, heated, cooled, etc.] the sticks and balls will move around. try it with your clear glass jar and the toothpicks and gumdrops. when the container is heated, cooled, struck, shaken, or moved, the sticks and balls inside will change their positions.
this movement can either be good or bad, and you can easily tell just by looking. when the sticks and balls rest low and clumped together tightly near the bottom of the bucket this means that the "material" that it represents is particularly strong. as there is little space between the molecular chains. this can be tested by dropping a large lump of clay or a small rock into the top of the jar and marking how far down the layer of sticks and balls drops.
when the sticks and balls end up placed in a means that leaves too much "space" between them this means the "material" is "inferior" or going to break. drop the rock or clay ball, if it PASSES THROUGH the sticks and balls THATS BAD. that means that whatever your jar represents [a house, a car, a government building, a blade, a gun, steel, a door, a wheelchair, a construction crane, congress, etc.] HAS JUST LITERALLY SHATTERED TO PIECES.
many cases of incidents where bad molecular construction resulted in materials failing and much suffering occuring exist.
the titanic, apolo 13, the twin towers, the statue of liberty, the golden gate bridge, several bridges in europe, the leaning tower of piza, the galaxy note 7 recalls [TWICE], the recent xbox charger dock recalls, and countless car dealership factory recalls.
now these incidents were obviously explained by means that werent bad molecular construction. however, molecular constuction effects all aspects of how a substance will perform when used. engineering and design is like building a watch; if one part is out of place or not built correctly then the entire watch may not work.
the idea here is that that bucket of sticks and balls in the water left untouched is the same thing as that sword [the one i mentioned at the top, yeah were back to that]. if you dont swing or use the sword the metal in it remains the same quality and craft. when you swing the blade its like tapping the bucket. the harder you swing the harder you tap. if you swing the blade harder than the material can handle, it bends or breaks [i.e. the barrel warps, cracks, or breaks].
when you strike an object with the sword its like striking the barrel with a stick. strike wood with the sword, strike the barrel with wood. strike stone, strike the barrel with stone. strike metal, strike the barrel wit- ok you get the picture here. if you strike an object with the sword that is stronger [has a batter molecular bond/construction], the blade will likely break or suffer severe damage. this is similar to newtons third law, only with an added effect that instead of an equal/opposite reaction you have a cause/double-effect reaction.
i like to refer to it as the "double-edged deflect-effect". where in when you strike an object that has an amount of mass GREATER than the object striking it, the object with the lesser mass and the lesser molecular density faces a bounce back molecular recoil equal to the amount of force unable to be imparted on and/or through said object.
example: you punch a brick wall, the wall obviously has more mass, density, and a higher molecular stability than your fist. as such, all the force you were attempting to put through that wall is then bounced back into your fist. and then the double-edged deflect-effect takes effect again, as your fist does not have enough density, mass, or molecular stability to contain all this energy; the remaining energy folows newtons law and continues up your arm till the molecules in it absorb the remaining energy.
the rule: dont punch a brick wall. or do, then send me a video. i mean, you DID click the disclaimer.
but back to the bucket thing, striking things with the sword is like striking the side of the bucket. each time you strike the bucket the sticks and balls will jostle [thats move around] in the water. in some cases striking the bucket can cause the sticks and balls to move in such a way that they become MORE compressed and as a result the "object" they represent would be stronger for striking. THIS is actually how tempering works.
the problem is that while the internal structure of the object may be getting stronger from these "impacts" [striking the side of the bucket], these impacts also weaken the buckets exterior. meaning that the blade can get stronger through tempering or by striking sometimes, but it becomes more brittle [likely to break].
try the equivalent of the above to your glass jar and tap it with your hand. just be careful when you do, though i doubt you break it bare handed. but try it with like lets say a screwdriver or hammer.
[but be sure to have the jar sitting in a large kitchen pot or pan or something, sayyyy.....a large plastic.....bucket? to catch the water and glass. for the love of all things uncut and unbloody be careful with the broken glass.]. youll see the toothpicks with the gumdrops in them as the fall down to the bottom of the glass jar as you repeatedly tap the side of the jar. eventually the jar WILL BREAK, so be ready for that. its what the big giant pan or bucket [haha] or whatever you chose to place the glass jar in before you started smacking it [please remember to put in in the thing BEFORE you start goin to town on it wit da hamma. cause i aint comin to yo place to clean up yo mess.]
now if you really want an idea of whats happening to your "sword" as its striking things, take that clay [or playdough, whichever you chose] and make a big lumpy ball.] if you use two more jars, [use the frozen one from earlier, then use two more and repeat what you did with the frozen jar. poke the gumdrops with the toothpicks randomly, throw them in the empty glass jar, fill it with water, place it in the tray or bucket, then repeat with the fourth jar [but leave the fourth jar aside alone.]
leave the frozen jar for now, place the lid on the new jar you just placed on your tray [or bucket or whatever]. shake the jar after seeing that the lid is on tight, then let the water settle. once the water stops moving and the toothpicks and gumdrops stop moving carfully take the lid off without jostling or moving the jar. carefully place the clay/playdough ball into the jar so that it rests on top of the pile of toothpick-gumdrop stick and ball stack. this new jar represents a newly forged sword, the ball of clay/playdough represents strain on the blade [a rock, a tree, another blade, maybe pushing against a gridnstone to sharpen it].
once everything stops moving again, start tapping the side if the glass jar. this tapping represents the sword striking objects, while the ball of clay/playdough [pushing the pile of toothpick-gumdrop stick and ball stack] represents the effect that the strain has on the blades molecular structure and stability. if you watch, as you strike the jar the pile of sticks and balls will slowly drop lower and lower. as will the ball of clay/playdough. this represents the molecular chains in the sword being compressed as the sword becomes stronger and denser.
eventually though one of two things will happen. either the ball will fall through the top layer of the toothpicks, meaning the blade just suffered internal structural damage. [even passing through one single toothpick means the blade just received damage to its molecular structure. meaning that its become weaker and more likely to break. the further down the lump of clay goes the more structural damage the blade takes. molecular damage is something that can be fixed ONLY through reforging, tempering, or smelting.]. or the jar will crack and break, representing the blade itself suffering a crack, scratch, fracture, shatter, or break. [a blade falling apart can be fixed ONLY by reforging or smelting. as once a blade is gone to pieces it cannot be rebuilt till all pieces are found and reforged back togther. or melted back into the same materials that they once were forged FROM.]
now for the interesting part of the experiment. remember the last two jars? the frozen jar and the unfrozen jar? get them together and be sure they have their lids on. if you tap the frozen jar youll notice that the sticks and balls inside remain unaffected. and if you break the jar the innards remain intact and the molecular bonds remain together. now if you start tapping the ice block itself youll notice that it just starts falling to pieces. eventually it just shatters and pieces fly everywhere, then when the ice melts you get water, gumdrops, toothpicks, and crud everywhere. this represents something called molecular destabilization, where an object does not have sufficient enough energy to hold the bonds together between its molecules. its messy. REALLY messy.
this also is a fairly safe and efficient example of splitting an atom. though a better example would be to take the frozen jar, chuck it as hard and far as you can, then after it shatters into a billion piaces, let the ice melt, let the gumdrops melt, let the toothpicks rot. splitting atoms causes atomic explosions [hiroshima and nagasaki, yeah that stuff. three mile island, trinoble, etc.] the first result is a chaotic energetic explosion [the glass, ice, toothpicks, gumdrops, the lid, all flying every which way]. then the second is a splatter of fire, ash, and freezing cold [the ice blanketing everything]. next is the nuclear fallout [the thawing of the ice to water]. then the slow rotting and decay of all things in the blast radius [the rotting of the toothpicks and gumdrops and the insects, mold, and god knows what else]. then finally the massive cleanup [where you call in the exterminators and professional cleaners to deal with the mess you left sitting in your house for like five weeks].
jokes aside this is serious stuff. and DONT FREAKING THROW THE FROZEN JAR AT THE WALL. just smack it with the hammer in the tray or bucket like the other jars. or you could try something else, tap the frozen jar against the unfrozen jar. this will show you how newtons third law and that double-edged deflect-effect functions.
[i know it has a REAL name. but i dont think theres a name for the specific reaction where an object faces recoil from striking an object of greater mass and density wherin the energy unable to transfer through and out the more dense object is then transferred BACK to the object that first delevered the energy. BUT newtons "continues in motion till acted upon..." then DOES apply]
see, while the two jars have identical [similar. i.e. the same things] materials inside them and on the outside, the physical density of the two objects and the molecular density of them is totally different. whats odd is that the frozen jar will theoretically have LESS density than the unfrozen jar, as water EXPANDS when frozen [LOSES density.]
but while the frozen jar has less density it has more molecular stability as its state of MATTER is different. when you tap the unfrozen jar LIGHTLY against the frozen jar, youll see the unfrozen jars contents jostle around and bounce here and about. this is showing that the frozen jar has more density and is thusly returning the kinetic energy that the unfrozen jar tried to send BACK into the unfrozen jar. thus shaking the jars contents, which is ALSO a very good representation of how a concussion works [the sticks and balls bouncing back and forth hitting the sides of the jar is your brain getting smacked around].
theres another fun thing you can do with this here that i tried once. i learned that ice theoretically can conduct electricity better than water. ice is less dense than water and thus leaves more space for electricity to travel through making it easier. however, electricity needs as lttle space as possible to travel. so try testing the electrical conductivity of normal water vs. frozen water.
youll need a volt meter, table salt, two mid sized household cups [made of plastic or rubber with no metal in them], two 9 volt batteries, some duct tape, rubber gloves, and some copper wire, you can substitute the battery and wire with a stun gun or a taser [yeah be careful about that one there].
first put on the rubber gloves. then wrap a piece of small copper wire around each side of the two 9 volt batteries then tape it over the round two top parts [but dont touch the wires]. put water in the two cups, add the table salt, put on cup in the freezer, freeze, then remove from freezer. now use the tape to tape the wired battery to the side of the cups, making sure that the wires touch the water. [dont freeze the damn battery with the cup. also you can bypass this via a taser but the volt meter may fry when trying to test current.]. once youve assured all this and checked that the two wires coming off the two metal rings on each battery dont touch, extend up the cups, into the water, and are close enough to get a current, test the water about an inch or so away from the wires to see which cup of salt water[frozen or thawed] produces a bigger current. [use the volt meter before taping the batteries to the cups to check the wires and see of they run a current. do this BEFORE putting the wires into the water.]
NOW WITH THAT LITTLE EXPERIMENT OVER. BACK TO THE LESSON. this bucket of sticks and balls represents essentially all things that exist in this megaverse of ours. and the small space between the sticks and balls in the water in the bucket that they lie in is the empty "space" that lies between the molecules in all things.
everyone should know the movie "ant man" that marvel put out by now. in the movie a suit was needed to shrink living things down due to them turning into goo. my best guess is that this occurs due to the shrinking simply treating the empty pockets of "space" between the molecular chains and the chains themselves like a giant jigsaw puzzle. where the molecular chains are simply rearranged and moved to where they get compressed together till all that empty "space" is gone and all you have left is a big lump of molecular chains with only enough space to just vibrate a little.
my guess is that since non-living things have constantly shifiting and changing cellular structures, the molecular chains are probably always moving. just like the example i gave of dropping sticks and balls in bucket full of water. my guess is that shrinking living things is like just suddenly busting a huge hole in the bucket and sucking out all the water in an instant. the result is all the sticks and balls [the molecular chains] falling to the bottom in a huge wet pile.
in "civil war" you see the suit used to "grow". normally without the suit this would simply expand the molecules till, well, splat. my best guess is that the suit simply alters the molecular structure of the one wearing it so that their molecular chains are simply compressed and/or expanded accordingly. or possibly even shrunk or grown.
i only mention this because if one were to somehow find a way to see the space between molecules and alter the alignment of the molecular chains via removing all the empty space between them, one could theoretically shrink astronomically large objects down to astronomically small sizes [despicable me with the moon, superman with the mini city, the atom]. not possible with todays technology, but perhaps one day we could provide food and relief to soldiers and those suffering far away or infiltrate enemy facilities for top secret info to end these petty feuds.
storymaster19, signing off.
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